Cyberbullying Case Study - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1013 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/02/15 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Bullying Essay Cyber Bullying Essay Did you like this example? Introduction The article explores the association between the involvement in traditional, cyber forms or bullying, and internalizing difficulties/ challenges. It explores many forms of victimization and aggression which are most detrimental, the traditional form of bullying or cyber bullying. It also explores which of the two has the most negative impact from bullies, victims, and bully-victims. The article investigates the association between the involvement in cyberbullying, more traditional form of bullying being either the victim of a bully and the depressive symptomatology and suicidal ideation. Methods The methodology used in the article was the three self-report, paper and pencil measures were completed by participants. The three measures, tapping involvement in bullying, depressive symptomatology and suicidal ideation. The rates of completion of all measures were found with less than .25 % of the data in total missing and 3 % of any variable having missing data. Given the low amount of missing data, the variable mean was used for imputation purposes (Tabachnick and Fidell 2001). The study sample consisted of 399 students ranging from 8-10th grade enrolled in an urban high school in southern British Columbia and out of the 399 students 228 were female and 171 were male. Students who participated in the study were predominantly Asian Canadian and most cane from an intact family and 15 percent of participants came from a single parent home. Participants received parental consent along with their agreement to participate in the study. Upon the researchers gained approval from the ins titutional review board and the school board research committee. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Cyberbullying Case Study" essay for you Create order Participants were then recruited to participate in a single group testing session lasting 50-60 minutes. After this, 48 of the participants responses indicated severe depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Those students were offered support from their high school counselors, and all participants were given youth crisis hotlines, and other mental health resources available to them. Participants experiences with bullying, as either a perpetrator or victim, were evaluated using a 10-item self-report measure adapted (in consultation with local school staff) from self-report measures originally developed by Olweus (1993). Students were given definitions of physical bullying such as someone hitting, shoving, kicking, spitting or beating up others and electronic bullying with examples such as using a computer, email, text messages, or pictures to threaten or hurt someone’s feelings, single out, embarrass, or make someone look bad, spread rumors or reveal secrets about someone. S tudents were asked to indicate how often they have taken part in bullying in the past year on a 5-point scale. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D; Radloff 1977) was used to assess symptoms of depression. This 20-item scale was developed to assess levels of depressive symptomatology and has been used extensively in previous research with both normative and clinical adolescent samples (Prinstein et al. 2001; Roberts et al. 1990), with good internal consistency (? range = .87–.92 across studies). Participants were asked to respond to a list of statements indicating some of the ways they have felt and/ or behaved in the last week. To capture variations in the complexity and severity of suicidal thoughts among victimized youth, the present study used the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire—JR (Reynolds 1987) to assess student’s thoughts about suicide over the past month. The SIQ-JR is a 15-item measure developed for use with adolescents in grades 7–9, although it may be used with older adolescents (Reynolds and Mazza 1994). Participants were asked to complete a survey, and students were asked to indicate how many times they have had felt like they wanted to kill themselves and how many times they thought killing themselves would solve a problem. The responses on the survey ranged from 0-6, 0 being never and 6 almost being every day. Results After researchers explored the relationship between cyber bullying and internalizing difficulties, the results indicate that cyber victimization and cyberbullying contribute to depressive symptomatology and suicidal ideation that is accounted for by gender and traditional forms of victimization and bullying. In a related stud, it was found that the (Klomek et al. 2008; Smith et al. 2008; Williams and Guerra 2007), involvement in cyber bullying was found to be less frequent than other forms of bullying. A unique association has been found between internalizing problems and involvement in traditional forms of bullying (being involvement as a physical bully). Involvement in bullying is only one of the many factors contributing to depressive symptomatology and suicidal ideation among adolescents. Conclusion I feel as though surveys aren’t a good way of getting a true representation for what your researching because some people feel compelled to give the answer they think the researchers are looking for. Although the study used surveys, it was a good article, it opened my eyes and educated me more on bullying and what factors play into bullying. In class we talked about the fake news surrounding the 2016 presidential election and it ties to cyber bullying because the presidential candidates were basically cyberbullied by those fake news stories published all over the web about them. It also ties into media literacy and how we need to educate ourselves on how to properly discern information from being real or fake and question authority instead of liking and sharing. It ties into cyber bullying because children and teens who are bullying others through the internet are posting things online about the victims and other fellow children and teens are sharing it without a doubt. I feel as though if kids were educated on media literacy it can help cyberbullying because they would stop and question whose spreading this information etc. and in hopes encourage others not to share the misinformation about classmates aimed to intentionally hurt them. Media literacy can’t stop cyberbullying, but there is a possibility it can help in the sense of reporting people’s profiles who are posting nasty things about fellow classmates and today we can post all sorts of blogs about people and get it shared. The spread of misinformation is everywhere, I love that the article discussed depression and suicide because they can play a huge role in bullying and the rates have increased in my opinion based off what I see in schools and my own personal experience with bullying.

Immigration Laws And The United States - 1251 Words

Immigration laws have resulted in a situation where many illegal immigrants live and work in the United States. Yet, it is an important issue that has been blown out of proportion by the media and politicians. Here in the United States, Syrian refugees have enriched our cultural growth into a more diverse and positive outcome and have enhanced our influence in the World. However, Americans have responded to their arrival with violence and hate towards them. In the late 19th century, the Arab world was under the Ottoman Empire. The United States chose to classify this certain group as Arab immigrants along with others that were under this empire including Turks, Greeks, and Armenians. Despite that the ruling Ottoman authority was Islamic, they were seen as Turks and the vast majority were Christians. At the turn of the twentieth century, Arabs became more associated with being Muslim and Syrians were labeled as Christians, which is why Syrians were seen as more favorable. In the 1900s, the Chinese Exclusion Act identified those who were considered white or not. This was important because once stated that a person is â€Å"White†, they can become a naturalized citizen. According to Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Society, Richard T. Schaefer says, â€Å"In 1914 George Dow was denied U.S. citizenship by a judge on the grounds that he could not satisfy the prerequisite of being a â€Å"free White person.† The decision w as reversed based on the argument that Syrians were in fact membersShow MoreRelatedImmigration Laws And The United States Essay2056 Words   |  9 Pages About 28 million individuals moved to the United States between the years 1880 and the late 1920 s. The newcomers living in different nations all through the world chose to leave there foundation of source and move to the United States for different reasons, some of which included flexibility from political and religious mistreatment, starvation, or to experience the American Dream of perceived economic opportunity. Once settled; immigrants were often stereotyped and discriminated against becauseRead MoreThe United States Immigration Laws953 Words   |  4 Pagesrace boundaries due to changes in US Immigration laws, changes in the US Criminal Justice system, and the problems of the 20th century being the problem of the color line. Beginning in 1790 many changes started to occur within the US Immigration Laws. The 1790 Naturalization Act gave strong advantages to any â€Å"free white person†, as it â€Å"restricted citizenship to any free white person who had been in the US for two years†. This Act started to encourage immigration from Europe. A new system of slaveryRead MoreImmigration : How It s Changed And Stayed The Same1727 Words   |  7 Pages Immigration How It’s Changed and Stayed the Same Gilardo Gonzalez Ms.Ferguson Ap US History, Block 4 09/06/15 Immigration has changed a lot throughout the years in American history, not only in laws about immigration, but about places where immigrants came from, and the different races that immigrated. These factors have changed throughout history by shaping the social and economic aspects of the United States. Immigration has changed for the better and for the worse. It has goneRead MoreSupport Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhood Act1560 Words   |  6 PagesThe passing of one of the United States’ most restrictive anti-immigration law’s in history was heavily disputed and extremely controversial nation-wide. The conversation surrounding current United States immigration regulations and issues that are aimed to be ‘addressed’ by Arizona’s infamous SB 1070 are currently at a standstill. By changing ways in which opposing parties view the ‘issues’ of illegal immigration in the United States and the effects caused by SB 1070, there is hope for the advancementRead MoreThe Immigration Reform And Immigrant Responsibility Act Of 1996 Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pageslost a United Supreme Court case since January 2010 issue; In such issues as the supremacy cooperative agreement Section 133 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRIRA) in adjunction with Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) Section 287 and INA 287(g) (that was the regulations for Immigration Enforcement Authority prior to 2012) that came under â€Å"considerable legal debate concerning the power of state and local police to enforce federal immigration law in theRead MoreThe Problem With Illegal Aliens1291 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Despite the multiple laws and policies that were implemented in the United States, there is still a problem with illegal aliens or immigrants. The U.S. government has spent millions of dollars to secure our southern border but, with that being said, the government has charged the Department of Homeland Security to create and implement new and innovative ways to justify and solidify those polices. In this case study, there will be a focus and analytical approach to three of the mainRead MoreImmigration Law Immigration law is a very interesting area of the law in which one has the1600 Words   |  7 Pages Immigration Law Immigration law is a very interesting area of the law in which one has the wonderful opportunity to help people in great need. In the United States, immigration law refers to the different governmental policies that control foreign immigration to the country. Also, immigration law governs the legal status of people already in the country in matters such as citizenship and permanent residency. The United States maintains strict immigration laws; these laws regulate both the rightRead MoreEssay on Informative Speech on Arizona Bill1391 Words   |  6 Pagesa new law which grants the local police greater authority to check the immigration status of people they stop. II. The controversy is whether the Justice Department, Immigration Advocates, and citizens believe this law is unconstitutional. III. States, elected officials and United States citizens support the new Arizona Bill SB1070. INTRODUCTION Everyone look to their left; now look to your right. Chances are one of the students besides you is an immigrant to the Unites States. In 2008Read MoreMexican Immigration And The United States1563 Words   |  7 PagesThrough studying immigration statistical data, it has been found that the highest percentage of mexican immigration has occurred on the most recent decades. However, there was a high percentage of mexican immigration on the years of the 1920s and the 1940s. These two decades were having an increase in mexican immigration due to the establishment of the Bracero Program. This program was started during the 1920s and again in the 1940s, but was later stopped in the 1960s. Between and after, these timeRead MoreImmigration And The United States Essay1368 Words   |  6 PagesIn the 21st century, immigration is one of the most controversial and hotly debated topics. Thus, we have an extremely complex immigration process accompanied with extremely complex immigration laws. Consequently, reform to the United States immigration policy is absolutely necessary to continue to help build America into the most diverse nation on the planet. To reform immigration, three topics must be addressed: what to do with illegal immigrants already in the United States, how to stop future

Digital Fortress Chapter 43 Free Essays

A jaunty forty-five, Chad Brinkerhoff was well-pressed, well-groomed, and well-informed. His summer-weight suit, like his tan skin, showed not a wrinkle or hint of wear. His hair was thick, sandy blond, and most importantly-all his own. We will write a custom essay sample on Digital Fortress Chapter 43 or any similar topic only for you Order Now His eyes were a brilliant blue-subtly enhanced by the miracle of tinted contact lenses. He surveyed the wood-paneled office around him and knew he had risen as far as he would rise in the NSA. He was on the ninth floor-Mahogany Row. Office 9A197. The Directorial Suite. It was a Saturday night, and Mahogany Row was all but deserted, its executives long gone-off enjoying whatever pastimes influential men enjoyed in their leisure. Although Brinkerhoff had always dreamed of a â€Å"real† post with the agency, he had somehow ended up as a â€Å"personal aide†-the official cul de sac of the political rat race. The fact that he worked side by side with the single most powerful man in American intelligence was little consolation. Brinkerhoff had graduated with honors from Andover and Williams, and yet here he was, middle-aged, with no real power-no real stake. He spent his days arranging someone else’s calendar. There were definite benefits to being the director’s personal aide-Brinkerhoff had a plush office in the directorial suite, full access to all the NSA departments, and a certain level of distinction that came from the company he kept. He ran errands for the highest echelons of power. Deep down Brinkerhoff knew he was born to be a PA-smart enough to take notes, handsome enough to give press conferences, and lazy enough to be content with it. The sticky-sweet chime of his mantel clock accented the end of another day of his pathetic existence. Shit, he thought. Five o’clock on a Saturday. What the hell am I doing here? â€Å"Chad?† A woman appeared in his doorway. Brinkerhoff looked up. It was Midge Milken, Fontaine’s internal security analyst. She was sixty, slightly heavy, and, much to the puzzlement of Brinkerhoff, quite appealing. A consummate flirt and an ex-wife three times over, Midge prowled the six-room directorial suite with a saucy authority. She was sharp, intuitive, worked ungodly hours, and was rumored to know more about the NSA’s inner workings than God himself. Damn, Brinkerhoff thought, eyeing her in her gray cashmere-dress. Either I’m getting older, or she’s looking younger. â€Å"Weekly reports.† She smiled, waving a fanfold of paper. â€Å"You need to check the figures.† Brinkerhoff eyed her body. â€Å"Figures look good from here.† â€Å"Really Chad,† she laughed. â€Å"I’m old enough to be your mother.† Don’t remind me, he thought. Midge strode in and sidled up to his desk. â€Å"I’m on my way out, but the director wants these compiled by the time he gets back from South America. That’s Monday, bright and early.† She dropped the printouts in front of him. â€Å"What am I, an accountant?† â€Å"No, hon, you’re a cruise director. Thought you knew that.† â€Å"So what am I doing crunching numbers?† She ruffled his hair. â€Å"You wanted more responsibility. Here it is.† He looked up at her sadly. â€Å"Midge†¦ I have no life.† She tapped her finger on the paper. â€Å"This is your life, Chad Brinkerhoff.† She looked down at him and softened. â€Å"Anything I can get you before I go?† He eyed her pleadingly and rolled his aching neck. â€Å"My shoulders are tight.† Midge didn’t bite. â€Å"Take an aspirin.† He pouted. â€Å"No back rub?† She shook her head. â€Å"Cosmopolitan says two-thirds of backrubs end in sex.† Brinkerhoff looked indignant. â€Å"Ours never do!† â€Å"Precisely.† She winked. â€Å"That’s the problem.† â€Å"Midge-â€Å" â€Å"Night, Chad.† She headed for the door. â€Å"You’re leaving?† â€Å"You know I’d stay,† Midge said, pausing in the doorway, â€Å"but I do have some pride. I just can’t see playing second fiddle-particularly to a teenager.† â€Å"My wife’s not a teenager,† Brinkerhoff defended. â€Å"She just acts like one.† Midge gave him a surprised look. â€Å"I wasn’t talking about your wife.† She battered her eyes innocently. â€Å"I was talking about Carmen.† She spoke the name with a thick Puerto Rican accent. Brinkerhoff’s voice cracked slightly. â€Å"Who?† â€Å"Carmen? In food services?† Brinkerhoff felt himself flush. Carmen Huerta was a twenty-seven-year-old pastry chef who worked in the NSA commissary. Brinkerhoff had enjoyed a number of presumably secret after-hours flings with her in the stockroom. She gave him a wicked wink. â€Å"Remember, Chad†¦ Big Brother knows all.† Big Brother? Brinkerhoff gulped in disbelief. Big Brother watches the STOCKROOMS too? Big Brother, or â€Å"Brother† as Midge often called it, was a Centrex 333 that sat in a small closetlike space off the suite’s central room. Brother was Midge’s whole world. It received data from 148 closed circuit video cameras, 399 electronic doors, 377 phones taps, and 212 free-standing bugs in the NSA complex. The directors of the NSA had learned the hard way that 26,000 employees were not only a great asset but a great liability. Every major security breach in the NSA’s history had come from within. It was Midge’s job as internal security analyst, to watch everything that went on within the walls of the NSA†¦ including, apparently, the commissary stockroom. Brinkerhoff stood to defend himself, but Midge was already on her way out. â€Å"Hands above the desk,† she called over her shoulder. â€Å"No funny stuff after I go. The walls have eyes.† Brinkerhoff sat and listened to the sound of her heels fading down the corridor. At least he knew Midge would never tell. She was not without her weaknesses. Midge had indulged in a few indiscretions of her own-mostly wandering back rubs with Brinkerhoff. His thoughts turned back to Carmen. He pictured her lissome body, those dark thighs, that AM radio she played full blast-hot San Juan salsa. He smiled. Maybe I’ll drop by for a snack when I’m done. He opened the first printout. CRYPTO-PRODUCTION/EXPENDITURE His mood immediately lightened. Midge had given him a freebie; the Crypto report was always a piece of cake. Technically he was supposed to compile the whole thing, but the only figure the director ever asked for was the MCD-the mean cost per decryption. The MCD represented the estimated amount it cost TRANSLTR to break a single code. As long as the figure was below $1,000 per code, Fontaine didn’t flinch. A grand a pop. Brinkerhoff chuckled. Our tax dollars at work. As he began plowing through the document and checking the daily MCDs, images of Carmen Huerta smearing herself with honey and confectioner’s sugar began playing in his head. Thirty seconds later he was almost done. The Crypto data was perfect-as always. But just before moving on to the next report, something caught his eye. At the bottom of the sheet, the last MCD was off. The figure was so large that it had carried over into the next column and made a mess of the page. Brinkerhoff stared at the figure in shock. 999,999,999? He gasped. A billion dollars? The images of Carmen vanished. A billion-dollar code? Brinkerhoff sat there a minute, paralyzed. Then in a burst of panic, he raced out into the hallway. â€Å"Midge! Comeback!† How to cite Digital Fortress Chapter 43, Essay examples

Health Care Management for Strategic Plan - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theHealth Care Management for Strategic Plan. Answer: Introduction: In relation to the organization goal of providing high quality and safe patient care, the main objective is reduce hospital acquired infection (HAI) by 10% by June 2018, increase hand hygiene by 10% by November 2017, reduce medication error in hospital by 10% by January 2018 and reduce the number of fall in the hospital by 2.5% by November 2019. The purpose of the report is to develop implementation plan for change. Steps to Operationalize the Strategic Plan: To operationalize the above mentioned goal of the health care organization, the plan is to work on reducing the rate of HAI, medication error and reported number of falls. This will be done by implementing policies and guidelines for following appropriate hand hygiene technique to reduce HAI. As HAI is the major cause of mortality and morbidity, evidence-based guideline of infection control by staffs and patient will be implemented. It will involve providing efficient hand sanitizers and giving appropriate hand hygiene message so that staffs regard it as a major priority to conduct hand hygiene before contacting patient (Thoa et al., 2015). Secondly, in order to reduce medical error, the plan is to maintain adequate staffing levels so that no health care staff is overburdened by task (Vincent, Burnett, Carthey, 2014). Hence, reducing burnout and fatigue in work will reduce medical error too. To achieve the goal of reducing fall rate at the hospital, the plan is to implement fall ris k assessment process at the hospital and provide appropriate tool to make the environment of the hospital safe for patient (DuPree et al., 2014). Change Management Model Approach: The changes planned at the health care organization will be based on the Lewins change model approach. According to this theory, change is implemented in the organization in three phases- unfreeze, change and freeze stage. The unfreezing stage is the stage in which need for changes and the preparation for change is made. In case of health care organization, the need for change arose after many quality and safety related issues came up in the hospital such as increase in number of incidence of fall, medical error and HAI cases. With this, prioritizing quality and safety at the hospital became important. The second stage of Lewins change model is the change stage in which transition is made from an unsafe environment to a safer environment (Cummings, Bridgman, Brown, 2016). Hence, the implication of this stage in the context of the health care organization is that in this stage, range of evidence based strategies and policies will be implemented to ensure that staffs follow appropriat e hand hygiene and infection control at the hospital. Appropriate training will be given to staffs to create a safety culture at hospital. True patient safety culture will be promoted by means of patient safety indicators, continuous learning of staffs and commitment to reduce adverse events at the hospital (Sorra et al., 2014). This stage will also involve investment in the area of appropriate fall risk assessment tool so that staffs identify fall risk in patients and give them necessary support to prevent fall. Effective implementation of this approach will help the hospital to change from a situation of high medication error, patient injury cares to a clinical setting where safe, and high quality care is provided. This stage is associated with instability as many challenges and issues are faced during implementing the change. The last stage is the freezing stage in which appropriate stability will be achieved when people accept the change and adopt new norms (Cummings, Bridgman, Brown, 2016). Implementation Schedule for: Objective 1.1: Reducing HAI by 10% by June 2018 Activities: Assessment of infection control and compliance to hand hygiene at the hospital Implementing education programmes and posters to educate health staffs about the importance of hand hygiene Leveraging existing resources to promote HAI prevention initiative Introducing infection control services to prevent infection (Loveday et al., 2014). Time frame- Achieve the objective of reducing HAI rate by June 2018 Stakeholders- Nurses, physician, infection control suppliers and agents Evaluation- In relation to the activities implemented, the success will depend on the rate of compliance to infection control practices by staff. Objective 1.2: Increase hand hygiene by 10% by November 2017 Activities: Research on effective hand hygiene resource for health care environment Providing training to staffs regarding the steps of hand washing before medical procedure by means of visual aid. Maintaining supply of anti-microbial soap and antiseptics for each medical staffs Time frame- The outcome of increase in hand hygiene needs to be achieved by November 2017. Stakeholders- Nurses, clinicians and hand hygiene resource suppliers Evaluation- Observation and assessment regarding use of sanitizers and hand hygiene by staffs will help to evaluate success of the programme. Objective 1.3. reduce medication error in hospital by 10% by January 2018. Activities: To keep appropriate number of staff according to workload at hospital Address issues of burnout at the hospital Implement safety culture practice at hospital and report adverse event. Timeframe- Achieve by January 2018 Stakeholders- Patient, clinician and hospital administrative staff Evaluation- To evaluate the success of the activity, change in adverse event rate will be evaluated Objective 1.4. reduce the number of falls occurred in hospital by 2.5% by November 2019. Activity: Implement fall management program at hospital Provide training on fall risk assessment and fall management to staff Provide tools for fall risk assessment and management Time frame: By November 2019 Stakeholder: Health care staffs Evaluation- Feedback from patients and record on fall management after the program will help to evaluate success of the program. Barriers in the Process and Ways to Address it Poor attitude and lack of motivation among health care staffs to promote safety might act as risk factor behind non-compliance with hand hygiene practices. Forgetfulness, ignorance of guidelines, high workload, priority o f patient needs, interference with patient-staff relationship and inaccessible supply of resource might act as barrier to improved hand hygiene practice. The solution to this include visual message at place of work so that staffs do not forget hand hygiene routine. Secondly, patient must also be encouraged to ensure that staffs conduct hand hygiene before contacting them (Gould et al., 2017). Monitoring and Evaluation Process The monitoring and evaluation process will assess the compliance rate of staffs to hand hygiene practice, maintaining safety culture at the hospital and fall management guidelines. This evaluation will help to identify shortfalls in the process and take active steps to reduce it. Budget/Sponsorship The achievement of above objective is dependent on many tools and educational resources like tool for fall risk assessment, fall management resources for patients, visual tools to promote hand hygiene and education resources to train staffs regarding infection control and fall management. Investment is required in these area and budget plan must incorporate cost of these resource to achieve the set objective in the set time frame. Reference Cummings, S., Bridgman, T., Brown, K. G. (2016). Unfreezing change as three steps: Rethinking Kurt Lewins legacy for change management.human relations,69(1), 33-60. DuPree, E., Fritz-Campiz, A., Musheno, D. (2014). A new approach to preventing falls with injuries.Journal of nursing care quality,29(2), 99-102. Gould, D. J., Creedon, S., Jeanes, A., Drey, N. S., Chudleigh, J., Moralejo, D. (2017). Impact of observing hand hygiene in practice and research: a methodological reconsideration.Journal of Hospital Infection,95(2), 169-174. Loveday, H. P., Wilson, J., Pratt, R. J., Golsorkhi, M., Tingle, A., Bak, A., ... Wilcox, M. (2014). epic3: national evidence-based guidelines for preventing healthcare-associated infections in NHS hospitals in England.Journal of Hospital Infection,86, S1-S70. Sorra, J., Khanna, K., Dyer, N., Mardon, R., Famolaro, T. (2014). Exploring relationships between patient safety culture and patients' assessments of hospital care.The Journal of nursing administration,44(10 Suppl), S45-53. Thoa, V. T. H., Van Trang, D. T., Tien, N. P., Van, D. T., Wertheim, H. F., Son, N. T. (2015). Cost-effectiveness of a hand hygiene program on health careassociated infections in intensive care patients at a tertiary care hospital in Vietnam.American journal of infection control,43(12), e93-e99. Vincent, C., Burnett, S., Carthey, J. (2014). Safety measurement and monitoring in healthcare: a framework to guide clinical teams and healthcare organisations in maintaining safety.BMJ quality safety,23(8), 670-677.

Macroeconomic policy about population growth

Introduction After the World War II, the new institutions such as World Bank and IMF were established so as to foster globalization. This in turn led to reduction of poverty, creation of industries, job creation, increase in economic growth, and improved living standards.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Macroeconomic policy about population growth specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This resulted in an increase in population and reduction in infant mortality rate. In 1960’s and 1970’s countries started to embrace globalization which in turn gave rise to international trade (Mishkin, Giavazzi, Srinivasan, International Monetary Fund., 2000). The degree at which countries embraced globalization differed. This led to disparities in the rate of economic growth and population growth rates. Generally, there was an overall increase in population in many parts of the world. Comparison of population growt h and economic growth Below is a list of twenty developing countries whose population growth was high in the 1960s and 1970s and remained quite high at the beginning of the current century; Countries Population growth rate (%) GDP per capita Afghanistan 3.85 $700 Bangladesh 1.57 $1,900 Brazil 1.13 $7,600 Cambodia 1.7 $1,700 Costa Rica 1.32 $9,000 Ecuador 1.44 $3,300 Ethiopia 3.19 $700 Gaza strip 3.2 $600 Honduras 1.89 $2,600 Iran 1.25 $7,000 Jordan 0.98 $4,300 Lebanon 1.05 $4,800 Nepal 1.6 $1,400 Niger 3.64 $800 Pakistan 1.57 $2,100 Philippines 1.9 $4,600 Venezuela 1.49 $4,800 Vietnam 1.08 $2,500 Zimbabwe 4.31 $1,900 Indonesia 1.15 $3,200 Factors that led to an increase in population growth The increase in population growth could be attributed to a number of factors. One of these factors includes reduction in child mortality rate. The emergence of comprehensive health care schemes led to a sharp decline in child mortality rates. Some li fe threatening infections such as malaria became significantly suppressed. As economy became vibrant, there was need to increase human labor and this led to sustained increase in population growth rates in some developing countries. There was also an emergence of industries which demanded human labor (Mishkin National Bureau of Economic Research., 2008).Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More During 1960’s and 1970’s, many African countries experienced increase in population. This is because children were regarded as a source of prestige by many communities. In the Muslim dominated parts of North Africa, there were increased imperialism as the Muslims tried to expand their religion. The need to have an adequate number of soldiers led to increase in birth rates. Muslim women were highly protected so as to give healthy babies who would later become soldiers. Incre ase in the rate of social ills such as child marriage also contributed significantly in the population growth. This resulted in early marriages and drop out from schools. This problem was more pronounced in Africa and South East Asia. In the middle of the 21st century, Latin America experienced population explosion due to declining death rates as well as increase in birth rates. The population growth rate was growing at a faster rate than any other part of the world with the exception of Africa. The population of Mexico almost doubled during the period 1960 and 1990 raising a lot of concern in the Latin America. The potential effect of rapid population growth on the economic development was also of a major concern. In the early 21st century, food sufficiency also boosted population growth rate. The emergence of new technologies made agricultural activities more efficient, reliable and profitable. New production methods and machinery led to an increase in agricultural productivity. A s a result of this, people became healthier as malnutrition reduced significantly. This was a sharp contrast from the earlier period which was characterized by severe hunger and high child mortality rates (Loh, 1976).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Macroeconomic policy about population growth specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Below is a list of twenty developing countries whose population growth was high in the 1960’s and 1970’s and declined at the beginning of the 21st century; Population growth rate (%) GDP per capita Argentina 1 $11,200 Armenia 0.06 $3,900 Burma 1.08 $1,900 Chile 0.84 $9,900 Haiti 0.79 $1,600 Iceland 0.69 $30,900 Jamaica 0.73 $3,800 Maldives -0.15 $3,900 Palau 0.58 $9,000 Singapore 0.82 $23,700 South Africa -0.38 $10,700 Sri Lanka 0.93 $3,700 Syria 0.91 $3,300 Thailand 0.57 $7,400 Tunisia 0.98 $6,900 Uruguay 0.23 $12,600 Macau 0.88 $19, 400 Saint Lucia 0.39 $5,400 Botswana 1.66 $8,800 Morocco 1.07 $4,000 Since 1960’s, the rate of birth has been on a sharp decline in the developing countries as a result of various economic and demographic factors. Research carried by various organizations such as World Bank shows that, low incomes are highly associated with high birth rates. Research also shows that there were varied reasons attributed to low fertility rates in the developing countries but most of them were associated with human growth and economic growth. One of these reasons includes parents’ preference for smaller families when their health conditions get better. Various researches show that, healthy parents tend to have low reliance on their children to take care of them at old age or even to work on their farms. On the contrary parents with poor health conditions prefer to have many children who will take care of them at old age. The world fertility rate declined from 4.5% during 1960-19 65 to 3.3% during 1990-1995. In Sub-Saharan Africa in 1993 the fertility rate was 6.4 which remain the highest in the world. Women in Sub- Saharan Africa had 6.4 children which was significantly larger from the other parts of the world. Women in industrialized countries had 1.8 children while their counterparts in Middle East and North Africa had 4.9 children in their productive health. The fertility rates were also low at South Asia, Latin America and Caribbean, and South East Asia with recorded figures of; 4.2, 3.0 and 2.5 respectively. Factors that led to a reduction in population growth rateAdvertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The decline in population growth can be attributed to a number of factors which includes: culture, economical and social factors. In order to curb population explosion, countries engaged in reproductive health campaigns. This created public awareness relating to the need to control human population. Deliberate efforts were made by a majority of developing countries so as to come up with policy frameworks to deal with human population. Various Countries came up with clear guidelines on the optimum birth rates. In the early 21st century many countries started family planning initiatives. During this period there was increased awareness on the dangers which are likely to be caused by the population explosion. There were already clear indications of the possibility of future strain on resources and increase in social ills. As a result of this, many countries started family planning programs which almost became a world norm. In fact, some countries set special task forces to spearhead th e family planning programs. Some of the human population control techniques which became more common during this period include use of contraceptives and abortion (Wan Shimomura, 2007). Increase in industrialization led to massive job creation. People got more involved in economic activities and therefore had little time to engage in social activities. Several researches showed that unemployment was one of the major causes of high population growth during the early 21st century. This is because poor people had relatively higher birth rates than their rich counterparts. High incidence of disease (HIV-AIDS) and emigration due to political oppression in many parts of the Africa led to a massive decline in population growth. Until, late 1960’s many African countries were under colonial rule. Some countries such as Namibia and South Africa got independence very late. Apartheid rule by the colonial masters deteriorated the living standards of the subjects and this in turn reduced population growth. The effects of forced labor greatly saw the population decline drastically. In many parts of the developed countries there were discovery of precious minerals such as copper and oil. This led to emergence of many industries such as steel and copper industries. There was job creation which consequently improved people’s standards of living. Many worked got involved in economic activities and this reduced time utilized in social activities. Levels of illiteracy were still very high. Education was not well embraced by many developing countries. Schools were sparsely populated in many parts of the developing countries. These lowered peoples’ standards of living and child mortality rate became high. During the period 1960’s and 1970’s, diseases were very rampant in many parts of the world. The health care systems were undeveloped and in some countries they were non-existent. Diseases such as Malaria, smallpox, plague, cholera and tuberculosi s caused increase in death rates. Leprosy which was quite a dreadful disease was also a common disease in most African countries. Lack of proper health care systems led to an increase in death rate and low fertility rate. During the early 21st century, there was a significant increase in HIV/AIDS. Very few people were aware of this dreadful infection and therefore the death rate increased dramatically. In fact, in some countries especially in Africa, were totally unable to control HIV/AIDs because of lack technical expertise (Kiyawa, 2000). In other cases, the stigma associated with HIV/ AIDs led to the abandonment of those affected and this led to a significant decrease in birth rate and hence reduction in population growth. The emergence of civil organizations, led to women empowerment. As a result of this, women became aware of their rights and consequently became more vigilant to agitate for more representations in various leadership positions. This was a sharp contrast from the earlier period whereby women were regarded as inferior and their role considered as merely pro-creation in nature. As more women got engaged actively in economic activities, there was little time left to engage in social activities and therefore the birth rate decreased drastically. Due to the increase in industrialization, the environment got adversely affected, leading to a strain in the resources. Various researches show that the increase in industrialization had a significant contribution in air pollution and this adversely affected the climate. As a result of this, agricultural activities suffered a massive blow with production declining steadily year after another. During the early 21st century, the highest population growth rate was observed in Africa followed by Latin America and lowest in South East Asia. Although the death rate increased in developing countries, the birth rate surpassed it leading to an increase in population growth. For the last five decades, the total w orld population increased more than ever before and more rapidly than it was estimated to grow in future. In the year 1960, the world population stood at 2.5 billion and in the early 21st century, the population rose to about 6.5 billion. During the period between the year 2000 and 2005, the average population growth rate stood at 1.2 percent which caused an increase in world population by 78 million. A large proportion of world’s total population growth came from countries in Africa, South Asia, and Latin America. A smaller proportion of world’s total population growth came from countries in Europe including Russia, Estonia, Hungary, and Ukraine. Low population growth rates were also recorded in more developed countries of North America including Japan. Conclusion Although the increase in population growth rate hampered economic growth in some countries, research showed it also resulted in increase in productivity which in turn led to enhanced economic growth. The imp rovement in economic conditions significantly enhanced peoples’ living standards and consequently lead to a sharp decline in death rates. However, maintenance of a sustainable population size is of critical importance so as to ensure a balanced mix of benefits resulting from a huge population size and the side effects associated with the same. The rural to urban migration was also very rampant during the period 1960’s and 1970’s. Many people moved away from their homes to seek for employment in urban areas. Industries were concentrated in urban areas and therefore job opportunities were more in those areas. References Kiyawa, I. A. (2000). Africa, population control, and the world economic system. Zaria, Nigeria: Ahmadu Bello University Press. Loh, M. (1976). The causes of population growth and its socio-economic implications : with some reference to Singapore. Singapore: Singapore Family Planning Population Board, National Family Planning Centre. Mishkin, F. S ., Giavazzi, F., Srinivasan, T. N., International Monetary Fund. (2000). External evaluation of IMF economic research activities : report. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund. Mishkin, F. S., National Bureau of Economic Research. (2008). Globalization, macroeconomic performance, and monetary policy NBER working paper series working paper 13948. Retrieved from https://www.nber.org/papers/w13948 Wan, H. Y., Shimomura, K. j. (2007). Globalization and economic development in East Asia : lecture notes of Professor Henry Y Wan Jr. Kobe, Japan: Research Institute for Economics and Business Administration, Kobe University. This assessment on Macroeconomic policy about population growth was written and submitted by user Madeline Robbins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

WWII- quotes essays

WWII- quotes essays Post World War I two specific events which occurred possibly inspired, or allowed rise to, the era of totalitarianism. This idea, for the most part, was responsible for a second world war so soon after the first. The first issue was the Treaty of Versailles, which was the peace treaty post WWI. Woodrow Wilson, following the war, had also developed a framework for a just peace which was very significant when neglected by the other Allies. His treaty was appropriately named the Fourteen Points. In his Fourteen Points he confirms that punishing the opposing nations will not help the situation as far as world conflict. This is obvious in his statement, We entered this war because violations of right had occurred which touched us to the quick and made the life of our own people impossible unless they were corrected and the world secure once for all against their recurrence. What we demand in this war, therefore, is nothing peculiar to ourselves. It is that the world be made fit and sa fe to live in; and particularly that it be made safe for every peace-loving nation which, like our own, wishes to live its own life, determine its own institutions, be assured of justice and fair dealing by the other peoples of the world as against force and selfish aggression. All the peoples of the world are in effect partners in this interest, and for our own part we see very clearly that unless justice be done to others it will not be done to us. The program of the world's peace, therefore, is our program; and that program, the only possible program, as we see it, is this However, the allied nations of France, Italy, and Britain had a different plan for Germany. The Treaty of Versailles, where it seems Wilson had little impact, instead blamed Germany for the war and forced the nation to take full responsibility. Therefore, Germany was also responsible for the reparations. As stated in the Treaty of Versailles, Article 231, The Alli...

Human fossils Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human fossils - Essay Example One of the species that can be related to human is the Sahelanthropus tchadensis sp. nov. with the specimen found in Chad specifically the Djurab Desert and commonly called ‘Toumai.’ The particular specimen was tentatively recognized to exist 6 to 7 million years ago (Brunet et. al. 146). The find had been astonishing according to NPR’s interview with David Kestenbaum who expressed that compared to Lucy with protruding facial anatomy which he referred to as snout, Toumai or the Sahelanthropus tchadensis sp. nov. already had a flat face which is very similar to the appearance of the humans in the modern time. This is remarkable due to the fact that the fossil is significantly older than the group where Lucy belongs, which is the A. afarensis. Compared to living apes, Sahelanthropus has ‘smaller canines and apical wear and a full occlusion.’ It is also very distinct from other recorded hominids and related genus. With other related specimens, the S. tchadensis sp. nov. has a tall facial feature with ‘massive brow ridge’ and a short mid-face (Brunet et. al. 147). The braincase indicated a brain with the same size as the Pan but smaller than that of the Gorilla and the Australopithecus (Brunet et. al. 148). The particular find is significant in the achievement of the clearer view of human evolution and the fact that there more hominids that co-existed in the early part of history, one of which can be the direct ancestor of present day humans. The Ardipithecus ramidus is another close ancestor of humans on the basis of being classified as a hominid and related to the species Australopithecus anamensis. The manner of bi-pedalism is still needed to be cleared through further discoveries of similar specimens. The brain is small or ‘pint-sized’ (Lemonick and Dorfman part 3 par. 3-6). On the other hand, the Australopithecus anamensis is recognized as a direct decendant of the A. afarensis where Lucy belongs. The

Australian taxation law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Australian taxation law - Assignment Example (1+GST rate) ? FBT rate Hence, the following benefits of Paul shall be as follows: Car fringe Benefit $22,500 Entertainment Fringe Benefit $ 2,000 Loan Fringe Benefit $ 8,000 ---------------- Employer’s type 1 aggregate fringe benefits $32,500 amount 46.5% + 10% ------------------------------------------- $32,500 x (1 – 46.5%) ? (1+ 10%) ? 46.5% rate $32,500 ? 2.0647 = $67,102.75 Total Fringe Liability This is the total value of the fringe benefits tax liability of Chatswood Pty Ltd. for the year ended 31 March 2011. For purposes of computation, ‘the FBT year is the 12 months beginning 1 April and ending 31 March. Currently, the FBT rate is 46.5%. A GST of 10% is applied on most goods and services that are supplied in Australia and on goods imported into Australia’2. ‘If an employee receives certain fringe benefits with a total taxable value of more than $1,000 in an FBT year (1 April to 31 March), employer must report the grossed-up taxable value of the benefits on their payment summary for the corresponding income year (1 July to 30 June). This is called the reportable fringe benefits amount’3. Therefore, the Fringe Benefits Tax (FBT) that should be paid by the employer Chatswood Pty Ltd., at the end of the year is $67,102.75. The car fringe benefit, the loan fringe benefit and the entertainment fringe benefit which were granted to Paul by his employer are all entitled to Goods and Services Tax (GST) credit that is available to Chatswood Pty Ltd. However, the $1,000 salary of Paul is not considered as a fringe benefit since there is an imposed tax on the salary which is being paid by the employee. As defined under the Finance Act of 2005: â€Å"Fringe Benefits† means any consideration for employment provided by way of: (a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"any privilege, service, facility or amenity, directly or indirectly, provided by an employer, whether by way of reimbursement or otherwise, to his employees (including former employee or employees) (b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  any free or  concessional  ticket provided by the employer for private journeys of his employees or their family members;  Ã‚  and (c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  any contribution by the employer to an approved superannuation fund for employees†.4 The total value of all fringe benefits given to a particular employee by his or her employer in an FBT year is known as their individual fringe benefits amount. 2. Peter’s is liable to pay a capital gains tax (CGT) for the sale of the gift shop for the year 2010/2011 based on the following computation: Gross Sale Proceeds from the gift shop: $840,000 Less: Incidental Cost of Disposal : $(60,000) Net Sale Proceeds: $780,000 Less Cost of Asset: $(450,000) Capital Gain: $330,000 Therefore, Peter shall be liable to pay a CGT on his gain amounting to $330,000. ‘Capital gains tax is a tax on the profits which may be made from the sale of capital assets. Only individuals are liable to pay CGT, cor porations are not liable to CGT. A liability to pay CGT arises only when a chargeable person makes a chargeable disposal of a chargeable assets’5. Some of chargeable assets include lands and buildings, paintings, jewelry, plant and machinery. However, no CGT shall be imposed on the sale of his main residence as he is entitled to ‘Private Residence Relief’. To qualify for the exemption based on the ‘Private Residenc

Climate Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Climate - Assignment Example The main theme of this article is to offer detailed information regarding the harassment of the weather scientists by various sections of society, especially the fossil fuel industry. Since the scientific community has identified exploitation of fossil fuel as the main reason for global warming, this section of society has been prosecuting them on various levels, in spite of mounting evidence. Climate change can be broadly defined as the long-term time period shift in weather statistics including the average climate (NOAA, 2007). One of main concerns in environmental study is global warming with the continuous increase in temperature all over the world. It is also one of the topics that are hotly debated between various sections of the modern society (US National Academy of Sciences & the Royal Society, 2008). Mann begins by saying that weather scientists who are working in this area are gathering mounting evidences regarding the increase of surface warming all over the world. One such source is the thermometers that are monitoring the changes in hundreds and thousands of locations all over the world and recording those changes at a permanent location. The scientists are also getting indirect estimates from such sources as the ice cores as well as tree rings; for calculation of change in temperature during past years (US National Academy of Sciences & the Royal Society, 2008). Since last few decades, there are many theories that seek to explain the reason of the global warming such as the cycle of sun spots and changes in Earth climate, natural variability of the climate or changes due to human activity. Mann states that as per some climatologists, the main source of global warming is the sun spots and the 11 year Sun–cycle. The energy output of the Sun varies considerably depending on the abundance of some isotopes of beryllium or carbon atoms and number of sunspots. But, as per the evidence that

Celebrating The Different Cultures Around The World

Celebrating The Different Cultures Around The World Different culture all over the world is celebrating events at different times of the year. These ranges are from small family occasion honoring such things as birth, marriage and death to weeklong festival involving thousand of people. On the other hand, other festival have developed and adapted to change while absorbing influence from the societies in which they are celebrating. Festivals of many types, serve to meet specific social needs and duties, as well as to provide entertainment. These times of celebration offer a sense of belonging for religious, social, or geographical groups. Different countries have different festival to celebrate. Some are cultural, some religious, some national, historical and many more. And there are different ways to celebrate them by there origin some festivals even carried way from other culture to celebrate. Country that I choose: Turkey and Belgium have different festivals too like other countries. Turkish, they involved in different kind of festivals like others, such as Manisa Mesir Festival. Religious festival like: Eidul Fiter, Eidul Azha, Day of Ashura and many more international film, cartoon and mausic festival. On the other hand the Danish are celebrated Graspop Metal Meeting, Metal Female Voices Fest, Pest pop, Huginns Awakening Fest, and Procession of the Holy Blood etc Among those festivals I am going to discuss: The day of Ashura (Turkey) and Procession of the holy Blood (Belgium). Here I am try to give a discussion on two festivals origin, how its celebrate, its significant on the prospect of both festivals and give a clear compare and contrast of the festivals by discussion. Origin: 2.1 The ashura: The word ashura literally means in Arabic language is tenth. Ashura or the day of Ashura is the 10th day of the first month of the Islamic calendar. The day remember as of the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (a.s) bin Ali was the third Imam and the grandson of the Islamic holy prophet Mohammad (Pbuh) at the battle of kabala in Iraq on the 10th of Moharram on the year 61 AH (October 10, 680 AD). The day is commemoration as religious day by the Muslim. Ashura celebrated as religious festival nationwide. 2.2 Procession of the holy blood: The procession of the holy blood (origin) is preservation of the Jesus Christs blood when he crucified. Historical tradition says after the descent from the Crucified, some of his very blood preserved by Joseph of Arimathea. A coagulated relic said each year in this day the centerpiece is the Blood of Christ became fluid. In Bruges the Procession of the Holy Blood takes place on Ascension Day every year. (History 2010) Since from 12th century, the people and associations of the city of Bruges respect and pay homage to the Holy-Blood. Celebration: 3.1 Ashura: Ashura is a nationwide celebrated festival for the Muslim ummah. Its a religious festival too. All the Muslims celebrate this festival on Arabic month 10th of Moharram. Different Muslims remember and celebrate the day in different way. 3.2 How shias celebrate: The shias congregate together and ceremonial chest beating in public places as they display their dedication to Imam Husayns (Ra) suffering on that day. Shia Muslims observe the day in mourning for Hussein and in remembrance of his martyrdom. On this day some Shia Muslims beat and flog themselves in parades, to express their misery and to redo the pain that Hussein suffered. 3.3 How Sunnis celebrate: Some other Muslims pay tribute to the Imam Husayn (Ra) by holding Majlis. Reciting the Holy Quran and Maqtal al Husayn are read. In the holy day every year of that day prophet and their followers fasted as respect. As the Prophet (Pbuh) was saying if I reach next year I am going to fast on that day 9th (e-books- Prophet in the Quran, Shahi Muslim-1134) and its mandatory for fasting two days followed by the Ashuras day or next day of ashura. In Turkey there is a custom of eating Noahs pudding called Ashure and serve to the neighbors. (Noahs pudding) 3.4 Procession of the Holy Blood: In Burges of Belgium (where the Holy Blood remain nowadays) the colorful Procession of the Holy Blood is held on Ascension Day in the spring. The bishop of Bruges carries the relic through the streets, accompanied by costumed residents acting out biblical scenes. (Festival and events) 3.5 Burges day: Thousand of people participated in the show and sixty to thousand spectators watch the procession, which is also known as Burgges Schoonste Dag (the most beautiful day in Burges). The event resembles as spiritual aspect, as many bishops, priests and nuns from all over the world come to celebrate. As the Holy Blood passes by everyone became still and silent in admiration. (Burges day 2010) In 1291 the traditional of the procession recorded first time and its followed a route around the city walls until 1578.The route is still followed today Significant 4.1 Ashura: The day of ashura is not only significant for the Imam Husayn (r) but also for many reasons for the Muslims. Like this is the day when Allah accepted the regret of Adam (a) after his exile form heaven, 4.2 some significant events: Noah (a) and Yunus (a) are saved from danger, even that day Moses was talk to Allah and given commandments and Jesus was raised to Heaven. So, on that prospectus Ashura remembered as gratitude to the Almighty Allah by fasting on the 9th and 10th of Moharram by many Muslim. [Moreover on the 10th day of Moharram in an event Imam Husayn bin Ali, grandson of the Prophet Mohammad (Sm) was brutally killed by the Yazid in the battle field of Karbala in the year 680 A.D.] 4.3 Shias believes: The shias believes that the Battle of Karbala fought between the Good and Evil where Imam Husayn (r) represents good on the other hand Yazid represents evil. They do not take the day as joy rather than as mourn. Some shias hurt them by a chain including blade to show solidarity with Husayn (r) and his family. (significance) 4.4 The procession of Holy Blood: The procession of the Holy Blood tries to answer the questions every man has on the meaning of his own life and on the existence of the world. Everyone have whishes to be deeply happy. That happiness has different names, according to the cultural background, called by some Nirvana, by others Heaven, or, in the biblical tradition: the Kingdom of God, Sion or the new Jerusalem.(significance of the holy blood) Summary : Comparison and contrast between Ashura and Procession of holy blood: Ashura and Procession of Holy Blood both are a holy festival, which are celebrated every year in a particular day by their followers. These festivals resemble as a mourning day and on that particular day they are assemble and remember their holy activities. On both of them Ashura is older than procession of the holy blood by dated. Above the celebration, the festivals are celebrated in different way but the point that each of the festivals similar is, its a mourning festival to celebrate. Shias are remember the day by Husayns brutal killed against the Evil called Yazid and the Sunnis remember the day for many remarkable issues. On the other hand the Christians are celebrated the procession of holy blood by presents of many bishops carried way the holy blood of Jesus Christ. From the religious prospectus of the two festivals are carry significantly importance. Muslims remembered the day for many significant events as well as the Christians for Jesus Christ crucified Conclusion: A festival has carries a nations existence. Ashura is a religious festival celebrates by the Muslim and Procession of holy blood celebrates by the Christian also a religious festival too. Turkey and Belgium have been celebrating those festivals by own respect, belief, values and colors. But in one aspect these festivals make people close to each other.

The Militia Group :: Websites Internet Music Essays

The Militia Group In the year 2001 a band named Rufio, released their full length album on an unrecognizable record label. Since then The Militia Group has grown to become a popular label in the Southern California area and is starting to gain fame with the rest indie rockers of the United States. The Militia Group decided to create a web site to share the label with the world and hope to let others experience the joy the bands bring. They asked a company to create a website that is accessible to all so their record label could grow. This company helped The Militia Group create an amazing site that is simple enough for those non-computer users but still entertaining enough for people to come back to the site over and over again. The Militia Group successfully uses ethos, pathos, and logos to create a credible, entertaining, and informative website. Most websites will have partners or links on the webpage to supporting web pages or sites that will reinsure their audience they are credible. The Militia Group, like other label’s websites, has a section with just the bands that are signed by the label and a section to media such as audio and video, that you can hear the different bands. In the section with the bands, each band has its own bio, tour dates, releases, specific news, and a link to their website. By displaying all this information for every band people feel that everything must be true, because no one would go to that much of an effort to make this entire up. For those people who still may still feel some doubt on if this is a true label, they can go to the media section. In the media section of the website, one can find audio and video clips, photos, and many other things. The audio and video clips and photos all help the label credibility. Now the person can hear and see that there are actual bands that have been signed by the site and are making real music. The site is not only credible but also very entertaining. Things such as the audio and video clips do not only make the site credible but also make the site very entertaining. Most websites will usually open with a page that you need to click to enter the site, but the Militia Group goes beyond just the picture by putting either information about a future CD or even sometimes music samples from an upcoming or new release.

Powerplay in Texts – Antony and Cleopatra (Shakespeare), Gladiator (Ridley Scott) & the Statue of Liberty (Warren Brown)

Power is conditional; it’s a measure of one individual’s ability to control the environment around itself, including the behaviour of other entities through manipulation and exploitation. The application of power, whether this be physical or sexual, individual or political, private or public, replicates one’s ability to control, command and influence others. Ultimately, an entity with power is permitted to employ this for the benefit of others, or unfortunately to their detriment. Power is transient therefore, gains or losses in power can significantly impact on an individual’s human experience. Three texts permeated by power struggles include Shakespeare’s catastrophic play Antony and Cleopatra, Ridley Scott’s film ‘Gladiator’ (2000), and Warren Brown’s political cartoon ‘The Statue of Liberty’. Each composer employs a variety of literary and visual techniques including dialogue, symbolism, sound (both diegetic and non-diegetic), mise-en-scene, irony, soliloquy and emotive language, to explore the transformative effect of power on the human experience. These powerplays are extremely persuasive, and thus we are convinced to embrace the perspectives offered in these texts. The major powers examined in the three texts are political, militaristic and sexual. Antony and Cleopatra is a disastrous play that illustrates a chronicle of two leaders from two very different worlds who fall profoundly in love with each other and their endeavor to sustain their relationship against the Roman Empire, however, it ends tragically with their suicides. Antony grapples with the conflict between his love for Cleopatra and his duties to the Roman Empire; the geographical poles that draw him in opposite directions represent deep-seated conflicts between his reason and emotion, his sense of duty and his desire, his obligations to the state and his private needs. Soliloquies are used throughout the play as a means of aiding the audience to understand the subconscious thoughts of the characters. In Act IV, scene 12, Antony states to himself â€Å"O sun, thy uprise shall I see no more†, foreshadowing his own death. Various persuasive forms of power are displayed in this play convincing us to embrace perspectives offered in this text; those forms of power being political, sexual and militaristic. Before Antony met Cleopatra, he held military and political power so great, even his lieutenants were afraid to out preform him, â€Å"But ‘twould offend him, and his offence†¦Should my performance perish. † Antony’s affair with Cleopatra makes him disregard his responsibilities where the sexual power present allows for passion to overtake his reasonable judgement. Antony knew this in his use of fertility and sexual imagery in the metaphor â€Å"These strong Egyptian fetters I must break, or lose myself in dotage. † Sympathy for Antony was formed through his personal conflict between love and duty, thus weakening Antony’s control over himself and his known loss of power. Antony blames himself for the wrong decision â€Å"My very hairs do mutiny, for the white†¦reprove the brown for rashness† Here hair is used as a metaphor for age, and Antony hasn’t acted as a man with â€Å"white† hair should which is with maturity, instead acting on impulse, brown hair symbolising a younger man. We see the enchanting sexual power of Cleopatra when Enobarbus’ explains to Agrippa â€Å"From the barge, a strange invisible perfume hits the senses†, personifying the sexual power held by Cleopatra, not only over Antony, but the radiating power she holds over all who cross paths with her. â€Å"Mardian, go tell him I have slain myself. † This order delivered by Cleopatra herself is the order, which ultimately, brings Antony to kill himself illustrating Cleopatra’s manipulative power over him. When she learns that she’s being taken to Rome, it produces a fear of humiliation for her; accordingly, she ends her life. Caesars’ use of Antony’s own surrendered men in the front battle line creates a psychological advantage over Antony by bringing emotion onto the field, â€Å"Plant those who have revolted in the van†¦that Antony may seem to spend his fury†¦upon himself†. The emotive language manipulates the situation by making Antony feel he is fighting himself when fighting his deserted soldiers through metaphrasing them as himself. The suicide of both Antony and Cleopatra takes away from Octavius because they become tragic lovers who would always be remembered, â€Å"Our army shall†¦in solemn show attend this funeral†¦and then to Rome†¦see†¦high order in this great solemnity. † Irony is used when Caesar parades both Antony and Cleopatra to maximise his gain in power but instead makes the best political move giving them a great ceremony. The varied force of power is extremely persuasive. Throughout the entire play the effects of Powerplay direct the vents of the characters lives and create and destroy relationships between all characters involved, persuading us to embrace these perspectives concerning the significance of power in the human experience. Similarly, Scott’s film Gladiator, Maximus (Russell Crowe), the Roman general turned Gladiator and Commodus, the son of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius manipulates others to gain power in order to fulfill their desires. The dominant po werplays in this text and political and militaristic, and due to the perspectives offered on the significance of power in the human experience, we are persuaded to embrace these perspectives. Maximus is portrayed as a powerful character by Scott through the use of mise-en-scene, in particular Maximus’ costumes, that being of an Upper Class Roman General and props (ie – his Imperial Sword), and the fact that when we see Maximus fighting, whether it be at the beginning of the film with the Barbarians or near to the end in the arena, we see him through a low-angled camera shot, exemplifying his fighting power and knowledge over his enemies. Maximus’ image of power is gained, lost, and then later re-gained through the duration of the film, despite the capturing of this power ultimately leads to his death. Correspondingly, we are persuaded to embrace these perspectives about the significance of power in the human experience in Warren Brown’s political cartoon ‘The Statue of Liberty’. This text uses a number of techniques to convey its political power play perspective including contrast of size between the two personas. It is a widely shared notion that power is associated with size; the greater the size the greater the level of power. Yet, this cartoon chooses to test this and illustrate the idea that Osama holds power over the Statue of Liberty. This is both ironic and a contrast of size. Although America, represented as the Statue, has been damaged to various terrorist attacks, it still aims to protect itself, just as Maximus aimed to protect Rome at all costs, even after he had been captured and sold as a slave and gladiator. The fact that Osama is not present within this frame suggests that he holds power of the statue. The political perspectives offered in this text are persuasive, thus convincing us of the significance of power in the human experience.

Australia is physically and culturally unique

Australia’s multicultural attitude respects all cultures and races. Australia’s government is amazing because it was federated and democratic. Its climate varies throughout Australia because of its size. Australia is a truly fascinating continent/country/island. Its uniqueness is due to its flora with its many different plants. Its fauna and its many creatures only found in Australia. Australia’s lifestyle is also sought after because it can’t be found anywhere else. Also it landscape is almost unpredictable and also classifies Australia as a continent, country, and island. Its final asset is its development and technology, since Australia is a major contributor to medical studies and are leaders in sports technology. Now that you know briefly why Australia is unique, the rest of this report will elaborate further on them. Australia has a unique climate. It sits in many climate zones because of its large size. These zones include tropical, sub-tropical, temperate, and sub-temperate. Most of Australia has four seasons, summer, autumn, winter, and spring, in other places it is two seasons and they are the wet and dry seasons. From blistering hot temperatures in Darwin to below zero temperatures in Hobart, Australia’s climate is one of many things that make Australia unique. Next in line is Australia’s landscape. Australia has many different terrains from forests to deserts and this is also because of its large size. The edge of Australia is mostly green except for the western coast; the rest of Australia is mainly dry and arid. Australia’s shape, size, and location also make it a continent, country, and also an island. The flora in Australia is truly amazing. Australia has a wide range of flora, like bottle brushes, waratahs, and eucalyptus trees. All the plants mentioned are unique to Australia, with many more that haven’t been mentioned. These plants are also important to Australia’s fauna for habitat and food. These plants also make Australia a colourful and beautiful place. As mentioned in the above paragraph, Australian fauna is important to Australia. The creatures unique to Australia are the kangaroos, wallabies, wombats, emus, koalas, kookaburras, etc. If u look on the Australian emblem u should see two animals unique to Australia, the emu and the kangaroo. Australian lifestyle is well sought after. It is sought after because of the easy going, laid back nature of all Australians. Everyone seems to be happy and enjoying life while in America everyone is stressed and working very hard. The Australian lifestyle also involves the great outdoors. The dominant male is at the BBQ cooking shrimp and steak holding a VB while a game of cricket is going on in the background. These points make the Australian lifestyle favourable. The reason the Australian lifestyle is as it is now is because of its government. Australia originally had 6 colonies until it was federated in 1900. Since then Australia has improved and has learnt from past mistakes. The Australian government makes sure that all cultures and races are accepted as equals, which makes it a multicultural government. This brings us to the next point, multiculturalism. Australia is unique because it is one of the few countries where all cultures and races are respected for who they are and treated as equals. This makes Australia an ideal country to travel to for non-white people because it guarantees that they would be treated fairly while in this country. Australia is pretty significant when it comes to development and technology. Australia are major contributors to medical research especially in the cancer research section. Australians are also leaders in sports technology, mainly to do with rugby, cricket, and AFL. This makes Australia ideal for people interested in sports and cancer research. The following reasons above make me strongly believe that Australia is a unique country. To live in this amazing country is a privilege and should be respected because of it is a one of a kind country, and is confirmed in the above paragraphs.

Five Terms Related to Submitting a Manuscript

Five Terms Related to Submitting a Manuscript Five Terms Related to Submitting a Manuscript Five Terms Related to Submitting a Manuscript By Maeve Maddox A reader asks about some terms: I’m confused: Whats the difference between Submissions and Query Letters and Cover Letters and Biographies and Resumà ©s? As these terms are often used interchangeably on writing sites, the reader’s confusion is understandable. Perhaps the following explanations can help. 1. Query Letter A query letter is a one-page letter intended to interest an editor in something a writer has written or intends to write. It should address the editor by name (spelled correctly) and begin with a hook: a strong statement that piques the editor’s interest. If the query is about a magazine article, the hook might be the first paragraph of the article. The query should give the editor an idea of the structure and content of the piece being offered. If the offered work is a novel, the letter should include a description of the main theme and story line, including conflict and resolution (how it ends). A query letter should tell why the author is qualified to write the article or book and end with a direct request for the desired magazine assignment or for permission to send a manuscript. 2. Cover Letter When the editor asks to see a manuscript or sample pages, the writer includes a cover letter with the submission: a brief letter to accompany the manuscript or sample. Editors receive hundreds of queries. The cover letter is a practical and courteous way to remind the editor of the particulars of your initial query. Keep it short and don’t try to do any additional selling. It’s enough to say something like this: â€Å"Here’s the short story I queried you about on March 20, 2016. I look forward to hearing from you.† 3. Author’s Bio The shortening bio for biography is the norm in the context of marketing written material. The bio focuses on the writer’s credentials. Publishers want to know if the writer has published before and is qualified to write about the material being offered. They do not want to know about the writer’s dogs, cats, children, hobbies, or any other irrelevancies. 4. Resumà © A resumà © is a brief account of ones education and professional experience. Some of the same information that belongs in a resumà © can also have a place in an author’s bio, but a resumà © will be more comprehensive regarding past employment. A writer who is applying for a job as an editor or a blogger will certainly offer a resumà © to the potential employer. Note: Although the French original is spelled with two accent marks (rà ©Ã‚ ·su ·mà ©) American spelling recognizes both resume and resumà ©. I favor a single accent for two reasons: the first accent is meaningless to most English speakers, but the final accent mark distinguishes the noun and its pronunciation from the verb resume.   For example: â€Å"I started writing my resumà © today, but was interrupted. I’ll resume work on it in the morning.† 5. Submission When an editor asks to see a partial or completed manuscript, the writer prepares a submission that includes a manuscript (partial or complete) and whatever additional material has been requested by an editor or publisher. Before preparing a submission, the writer will consult the publisher’s guidelines to see how the manuscript should be formatted, how it should be sent (by mail or electronically), and what additional enclosures are wanted. The manuscript included in a submission should be as complete and as correct as the writer can make it. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Program vs. ProgrammeEnglish Grammar 101: Verb MoodEspecially vs. Specially

Reflection paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflection paper - Assignment Example ment concepts beforehand, the scope of the project, as well as the effective planning strategies that his or her team may implement in order to achieve a project success. In any attempt of managing a certain project, specifically in one organization, it is expected that it has always been associated with various risks in the process. Hence, the project manager together with his or her employees should anticipate these risks in advance, and the possible problems that they may encounter in doing the project. With all these in mind, they can have all the chances of finding ways and solutions in preventing them to happen. (McNamara, 2011) Aside from the above given areas, the other aspect that mostly needed is the budget allocation, the financial resources is very essential to be ready by the time that the project starts, for many expenditures may occur as it progresses. Another thing is the time frame that is set for the project; regular monitoring of all activities that pertain to the project must be done; the project must be all set, and ready for delivery to the client’s satisfaction. In view thereof, a project is most likely has a successful outcome, if all the concepts of project management leadership are appropriately applied by a project manager together with his team members. (Symond, 2011) AlexisW (2011) has written in his article that many successful managers has been experiencing success in the respective industries, obviously because they strictly follow the theories and concepts that they learned in the business management course; at the same time, they have put all of them into practice in their own field. No mater what kind of project a project manager is working on, still, he or she needs to apply the three basic concepts in project management. Following important procedures, as well as setting a life cycle on the project, so as applying project management program are essential concepts for achieving remarkable project success. First in

Effects of Competitiveness on the UK Construction Industry Literature review

Effects of Competitiveness on the UK Construction Industry - Literature review Example The success of an organisation in a given nation highlights the important factors that the organisation controls when compared to other organisations (Jones & Saad 2003). The UK construction industry enjoys various competitive factors that enable it to succeed in the current market. Some of the competitive factors within the industry include the good leadership strategies, strategic advantage, market advantage, good marketing strategies; furthermore, they have knowledgeable personnel, production advantage, modern technology, finance advantage, good administration and risk management advantage (Morton 2007). Effects of competitiveness on the UK construction industry The U.K construction industry has more than 300, 000 firms, which employs over 2 million individuals to perform several roles (Morton 2007). The construction industry typifies the material and products used in construction, suppliers and the producers of the construction material, building services offered by contractors, providers and installers of the services, constructors, sub-constructors, professional advisors , construction clients and the different organisations that specialise in design and building (Morton 2007). The sector accounts for 5 percent of the UK Gross Value Added, which is similar to the values that France, Germany and U.S contributes towards their economy (David & Male 2001). The construction industry in UK specialises in the residential and nonresidential building as well as infrastructure. The industry has an advantage because the designers, civil engineers, contractors and product manufacturers are globally reputable because they devise high-tech solutions to varied projects within the construction industry. The industry has been undergoing a tremendous growth in the infrastructure and commercial construction sector (Cobbold & Lawrie 2001). The UK construction industry competes in an aggressive global market. The industry has high production level and its goods and services a re of high quality. This counteracts the competition from other industries worldwide. The construction industry adopts several approaches that enable it to increase its productivity and quality (Benati 2004). The UK construction industry embraces admirable leadership strategies because it has a long-term defined vision. This encourages the industry to meet the long-term developments. The leadership process also enables the industry to compete in the market because the industry gives room for success, letdown and learning. The UK construction industry maintains an appropriate learning environment because it allows people to learn from errors (Evers & Gerke 2008). This establishes a framework for the industry to improve on their developments; hence, reducing the possibility of failure. The leadership team within the industry highlights their expectations for them to monitor and identify whether they are competent enough to meet the set targets. Additionally, the leadership team devise s effective decision-making methods, which are vital in the building and maintenance of competitive advantage. The industry has a diverse management team with different talents; hence, maximizing their production. The leadership team has good communication skills, which enables them to build the long-term relationship and advance their operational productivity (Great